Using in vitro ADME data for lead compound selection: An emphasis on PAMPA pH 5 permeability and oral bioavailability

This comprehensive review discusses how in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) data can be leveraged to select promising lead compounds in drug discovery. Emphasizing the Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay at pH 5 (PAMPA pH 5), the authors detail its utility as a low-cost, high-throughput surrogate for passive permeability and its strong correlation with in vivo oral bioavailability in preclinical species. The article also compares PAMPA with cell-based systems and explores machine learning QSAR modeling to improve compound ranking for further development.